![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Degrees of latitude are measured from an imaginary point at the center of the earth. Latitude is measured in degrees (°)-from 0˚ to 90˚-north or south of the equator. Movement toward the South Pole is southerly in direction. Movement toward the North Pole is northerly in direction. (The prefix hemi- means "half" thus, hemisphere means "half-sphere.") The poles determine north and south directions. The half of the earth to the north of the equator is the northern hemisphere the half to the south is the southern hemisphere (Fig. The equatoris the imaginary primary reference line drawn around the earth halfway between the north and south poles. The north and south poles are the two imaginary points where the axis would enter and exit from the earth if the axis were a pole or a line (see Fig. ![]()
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